Generating random numbers is a common requirement in programming for tasks like simulations, gaming, and security. Python’s random module provides functions to generate random numbers and selections.
Importing the random Module
To use random number functions, first import the module:
import random
Generating Random Integers
Use randint() to generate a random integer between two values:
num = random.randint(1, 10)
print(num) # Output: Random integer between 1 and 10
Generating Random Floats
Use random() to generate a random float between 0 and 1:
num = random.random()
print(num) # Output: Random float between 0.0 and 1.0
Random Choice from a List
Select a random element from a list:
choices = ['apple', 'banana', 'cherry']
fruit = random.choice(choices)
print(fruit)
Shuffling a List
Randomly shuffle the elements of a list:
deck = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
random.shuffle(deck)
print(deck)
Setting a Seed
For reproducible results, set a seed:
random.seed(42)
print(random.randint(1, 10))
Conclusion
Python’s random module is a powerful tool for generating random data. Whether you need random numbers, selections, or shuffling, this module has you covered.